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Icelandic grammar : ウィキペディア英語版 | Icelandic grammar
Icelandic is an inflected language with four cases: nominative, accusative, dative and genitive. Icelandic nouns can have one of three grammatical genders: masculine, feminine or neuter. Nouns, adjectives and pronouns are declined in four cases and two numbers, singular and plural. == Morphology == Many German speakers find Icelandic morphology familiar. Almost every morphological category in one language is represented in the other. Nouns are declined for case, number and gender; adjectives for case, number, gender and degree (weak and strong). Icelandic possesses only the definite article, which can stand on its own, or, as in other North Germanic languages, be attached to its modified noun. Verbs are conjugated for tense, mood, person, number and voice. There are three voices: active, passive and medial; but it may be debated whether the medial voice is a voice or simply an independent class of verbs. There are only two simple tenses, past and present, but to make up for that there are a number of auxiliary constructions, some of which may be regarded as tenses, others as aspects to varying degrees.〔Jón Friðjónsson (1989). ''Samsettar myndir sagna'', Málvísindastofnun Háskóla Íslands, Reykjavík.〕〔Kress, Bruno (1982). ''Isländische Grammatik'', VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig.〕
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